Topic list

Radiography

Radiology and imaging topic-wise MCQs

1.1 General introduction1.1.json 1.1.1 Cell & Reproduction of the individual1.1.1.json 1.2 Tissues1.2.json 1.2.1 Epithelial, Connective, Skeletal, Muscular & Nervous tissues1.2.1.json 1.3 General pathology1.3.json 1.3.1 Bacteria, Viruses & Tumours1.3.1.json 1.4 Surface and regional anatomy1.4.json 1.4.1 Anatomical position, head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvic cavity1.4.1.json 1.5 Skeleton1.5.json 1.5.1 Structure and function of bone1.5.1.json 1.5.2 Development and growth of bones1.5.2.json 1.5.3 Healing of fractures1.5.3.json 1.6 Skull1.6.json 1.6.1 Skull viewed from above, skull viewed from the front, skull viewed from the side, skull viewed from the below1.6.1.json 1.6.2 Interior of the skullcap, interior of the base of the skull1.6.2.json 1.6.3 Nasal cavity, accessory nasal sinuses1.6.3.json 1.6.4 Individual bones of the skull1.6.4.json 1.7 Vertebral column, ribs and sternum1.7.json 1.7.1 Vertebral column, ribs and sternum1.7.1.json 1.8 Bones of the upper limb1.8.json 1.8.1 Clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna1.8.1.json 1.8.2 Carpal bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges1.8.2.json 1.8.3 Arteries and nerves related to the bones of the upper limb1.8.3.json 1.8.4 Ossification of the bones of the upper limb1.8.4.json 1.9 Bones of the lower limb1.9.json 1.9.1 Hipbone, pelvis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula1.9.1.json 1.9.2 Tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, phalanges1.9.2.json 1.9.3 Arches of the foot1.9.3.json 1.9.4 Arteries and nerves related to the bone of the lower limb1.9.4.json 1.9.5 Ossification of the bones of the lower limb1.9.5.json 1.10 Joints of the bones1.10.json 1.10.1 Types of joints1.10.1.json 1.10.2 Muscles and joints of the head1.10.2.json 1.10.3 Joints and muscles of the neck and trunk1.10.3.json 1.10.4 Joints and muscles of the upper limb1.10.4.json 1.10.5 Joint and muscles of the lower limb1.10.5.json 1.11 Circulatory system1.11.json 1.11.1 Blood and blood vessels1.11.1.json 1.11.2 Heart, pulmonary circulation, systemic circulation1.11.2.json 1.11.3 Veins1.11.3.json 1.12 Lymphatic system1.12.json 1.12.1 Lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphatic drainage of the body1.12.1.json 1.12.2 Lymphatic tissue1.12.2.json 1.12.3 Spleen1.12.3.json 1.13 Respiratory system1.13.json 1.13.1 Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs1.13.1.json 1.13.2 Physiology of respiration1.13.2.json 1.14 Digestive system1.14.json 1.14.1 Mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, liver, biliary apparatus1.14.1.json 1.14.2 Function of the alimentary system1.14.2.json 1.15 Urinary system1.15.json 1.15.1 Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra1.15.1.json 1.15.2 Functions of kidneys1.15.2.json 1.15.3 Control of micturition1.15.3.json 1.16 Nervous system1.16.json 1.16.1 Nervous tissue1.16.1.json 1.16.2 Central nervous system, brain, spinal cord1.16.2.json 1.16.3 Peripheral nervous system1.16.3.json 1.16.4 Autonomic nervous system1.16.4.json 1.17 Endocrine system1.17.json 1.17.1 Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland1.17.1.json 1.17.2 Adrenal glands1.17.2.json 1.18 Reproductive system1.18.json 1.18.1 Male reproductive system1.18.1.json 1.18.2 Female reproductive system1.18.2.json 1.19 Skin and the organs of special senses1.19.json 1.19.1 Skin, Eye, Ear, Nose, Tongue1.19.1.json 2.1 General radiography2.1.json 2.1.1 Routine Radiography Technique for upper limb: Fingers, thumb, hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, humerus, shoulder, scapula, clavicle2.1.1.json 2.1.2 Routine Radiography Technique for the lower limb: Toes, foot, calcaneum, ankle, tibia, fibula, knee, femur, hip joint, neck of femur, pelvis2.1.2.json 2.1.3 Routine Radiographic technique for thoracic cage and its contents: Chest, heart, ribs and sternum2.1.3.json 2.1.4 Routine technique for the abdomen: plain and erect abdomen x-ray2.1.4.json 2.1.5 Routine technique for the spine: Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx, sacro-iliac joint2.1.5.json 2.1.6 Routine technique for the skull2.1.6.json 2.1.6.1 The radiographic anatomical landmarks of the skull2.1.6.1.json 2.1.6.2 The process of routine examination of the bones of skull: cranium, facial bone and mandible2.1.6.2.json 2.1.7 X-ray localization: scaphoid, foreign bodies, axial shoulder, AC and SC joints, weight-bearing foot, skyline patella, tibial tuberosity2.1.7.json 2.1.8 Supplementary views of the chest and abdomen and their purposes2.1.8.json 2.1.9 Supplementary views for the spine and pelvis2.1.9.json 2.1.10 Supplementary views for the skull2.1.10.json 2.1.11 Tomography2.1.11.json 2.1.11.1 Basic principle of tomogram2.1.11.1.json 2.1.11.2 Practical application of tomography for the chest, kidney, gall bladder and skeletal system2.1.11.2.json 2.1.12 Registration process2.1.12.json 2.1.12.1 The steps of registration of patients2.1.12.1.json 2.1.12.2 The importance of monthly and annual record, filing system and preparing Performa invoices2.1.12.2.json 2.1.12.3 Filing of radiographs and reports2.1.12.3.json 2.2 Radiographic examination with contrast media2.2.json 2.2.1 Contrast media2.2.1.json 2.2.1.1 Definition and types of the contrast media2.2.1.1.json 2.2.1.2 Methods of introducing the contrast media2.2.1.2.json 2.2.1.3 Reactions of contrast media2.2.1.3.json 2.2.1.4 Emergency equipment and drugs needed to cope with reactions2.2.1.4.json 2.2.2 Radiographic investigation of Gastro-intestinal tract using contrast media2.2.2.json 2.2.2.1 Barium swallow2.2.2.1.json 2.2.2.2 Barium meal2.2.2.2.json 2.2.2.3 Barium follow through2.2.2.3.json 2.2.2.4 Examination of GI tract2.2.2.4.json 2.2.2.5 Barium enema2.2.2.5.json 2.2.2.6 Small bowel enema2.2.2.6.json 2.2.2.7 Loopogram2.2.2.7.json 2.2.2.8 Role of a radiographer during fluoroscopy2.2.2.8.json 2.2.3 Investigation of urinary tract and hysterosalpingogram2.2.3.json 2.2.3.1 Intravenous Urogram (IVU)2.2.3.1.json 2.2.3.2 Cystogram2.2.3.2.json 2.2.3.3 Micturating cystogram2.2.3.3.json 2.2.3.4 Urethrogram2.2.3.4.json 2.2.3.5 Retrograde pyelogram2.2.3.5.json 2.2.3.6 Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)2.2.3.6.json 2.2.4 Radiographic procedure of the biliary tract2.2.4.json 2.2.4.1 Oral cholecystography (OCG)2.2.4.1.json 2.2.4.2 Intravenous cholangiography (IVC)2.2.4.2.json 2.2.4.3 Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTC and PTCD)2.2.4.3.json 2.2.4.4 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)2.2.4.4.json 2.2.4.5 Operative cholangiography2.2.4.5.json 2.2.4.6 T-tube cholangiography2.2.4.6.json 2.2.5 Use of portable/mobile x-ray in ward and operation theatre2.2.5.json 2.2.5.1 Uses of mobile machine2.2.5.1.json 2.2.5.2 Technique of using ward radiography2.2.5.2.json 2.2.5.3 Technique of using operating theatre radiography2.2.5.3.json 2.2.5.4 Technique to help in hip pinning2.2.5.4.json 2.2.5.5 Technique of operative cholangiography2.2.5.5.json 2.2.6 Vascular and Neurological examinations2.2.6.json 2.2.6.1 Carotid and vertebral angiogram2.2.6.1.json 2.2.6.2 Femoral angiogram2.2.6.2.json 2.2.6.3 Aortogram2.2.6.3.json 2.2.6.4 Phlebogram2.2.6.4.json 2.2.6.5 Encephalogram2.2.6.5.json 2.2.6.6 Ventriculogram2.2.6.6.json 2.2.6.7 Myelogram2.2.6.7.json 2.2.7 Special examinations2.2.7.json 2.2.7.1 Arthrogram2.2.7.1.json 2.2.7.2 Dacryocystogram2.2.7.2.json 2.2.7.3 Sinogram/Fistulogram2.2.7.3.json 2.2.7.4 Sialogram2.2.7.4.json 2.2.7.5 Mammogram2.2.7.5.json 2.2.7.6 Macro-radiography2.2.7.6.json 2.2.7.7 Soft tissue radiography2.2.7.7.json 3.1 The hospital, the patient and the radiographer3.1.json 3.1.1 Clinical responsibility3.1.1.json 3.1.2 Legal responsibility3.1.2.json 3.1.3 The radiographer and the hospital3.1.3.json 3.2 Features of general patient care3.2.json 3.2.1 General preliminaries to the examination3.2.1.json 3.2.2 Moving chair and stretcher patients3.2.2.json 3.2.3 The anaesthetized patient3.2.3.json 3.2.4 Hygiene in the x-ray department3.2.4.json 3.2.5 General comfort and reassurance for the patient3.2.5.json 3.3 Drugs in the x-ray department3.3.json 3.3.1 Poisons and dangerous drugs3.3.1.json 3.3.2 Units of measurement3.3.2.json 3.3.3 Drugs used in preparation of the patient3.3.3.json 3.3.4 Contrast agents used in x-ray examinations3.3.4.json 3.3.5 Drugs used in resuscitation3.3.5.json 3.3.6 Labeling and issuing3.3.6.json 3.4 Sterilization and sterile techniques3.4.json 3.4.1 Methods of sterilization3.4.1.json 3.4.2 Central sterile supply3.4.2.json 3.4.3 Preparation of the hands for aseptic procedures3.4.3.json 3.5 Preparation of the patient3.5.json 3.5.1 General abdominal preparation3.5.1.json 3.5.2 Clothing of the patient3.5.2.json 3.6 First aid in the x-ray department3.6.json 3.6.1 Radiological emergencies3.6.1.json 3.6.2 Shock3.6.2.json 3.6.3 Hemorrhage3.6.3.json 3.6.4 Burns, scalds3.6.4.json 3.6.5 Loss of consciousness3.6.5.json 3.6.6 Asphyxia3.6.6.json 3.6.7 Fractures3.6.7.json 3.6.8 Electric shock3.6.8.json 3.7 Medico-legal aspects of the radiographer's work3.7.json 3.7.1 Breach of professional confidence3.7.1.json 3.7.2 Negligence3.7.2.json 3.7.3 Procedure in the event of an accident3.7.3.json 3.7.4 The importance of records3.7.4.json 4.1 Film4.1.json 4.1.1 Construction and composition of x-ray film4.1.1.json 4.1.2 Types of x-ray film4.1.2.json 4.1.3 Characteristic curve, spectral sensitivity and role of dyeing4.1.3.json 4.1.4 Film speed, density, contrast, sensitometry4.1.4.json 4.1.5 Artifacts and its causes4.1.5.json 4.2 Intensifying screen4.2.json 4.2.1 Construction and composition of intensifying screen4.2.1.json 4.2.2 Screen speed, sharpness, coating weight4.2.2.json 4.2.3 Fluorescent material and phosphorescence4.2.3.json 4.2.4 Fluorescent material, new phosphors4.2.4.json 4.3 Image4.3.json 4.3.1 Production of radiographic image4.3.1.json 4.3.2 Component of radiographic image4.3.2.json 4.3.2.1 Contrast, sharpness, resolution4.3.2.1.json 4.3.2.2 Exposure factors4.3.2.2.json 4.3.2.3 Absorption coefficient4.3.2.3.json 4.4 Film processing4.4.json 4.4.1 Manual film processing4.4.1.json 4.4.1.1 Processing cycle4.4.1.1.json 4.4.1.1.1 Development: constituents of developer and factors affecting development4.4.1.1.1.json 4.4.1.1.2 Rinsing4.4.1.1.2.json 4.4.1.1.3 Fixation: constituents of fixer and factors affecting fixation4.4.1.1.3.json 4.4.1.1.4 Washing processing4.4.1.1.4.json 4.4.1.1.5 Drying process4.4.1.1.5.json 4.4.1.1.6 Tanks and containers for processing chemical, processing units4.4.1.1.6.json 4.4.1.1.7 Mixing chemicals4.4.1.1.7.json 4.4.1.1.8 Storage of chemicals4.4.1.1.8.json 4.4.1.1.9 Film hangers4.4.1.1.9.json 4.4.2 Automatic processor4.4.2.json 4.4.2.1 Basic principle and functioning of automatic processor4.4.2.1.json 4.5 Dark room planning4.5.json 4.5.1 Location, layout, radiation protection, safelight filter and sensitivity range4.5.1.json 4.6 Identification4.6.json 4.6.1 Methods4.6.1.json 4.6.2 Importance4.6.2.json 4.7 Silver recovery4.7.json 4.7.1 General introduction4.7.1.json 5.1 Historical background of X-ray and its production5.1.json 5.1.1 X-ray tube construction5.1.1.json 5.1.2 Stationary and rotating x-ray tube5.1.2.json 5.1.3 Recent advancement of an x-ray tube5.1.3.json 5.1.4 Tube rating, cooling and care of x-ray tube and its faults5.1.4.json 5.2 Control panel, X-ray table and tube column5.2.json 5.2.1 Type of X-ray table5.2.1.json 5.2.2 Different metering equipment5.2.2.json 5.2.3 X-ray tube support5.2.3.json 5.3 Fluoroscopic equipment5.3.json 5.3.1 Conventional fluoroscopy and image intensifier tube5.3.1.json 5.4 Control of scatter radiation and beam restricting devices5.4.json 5.4.1 Secondary radiation grids5.4.1.json 5.4.2 Air gap technique5.4.2.json 5.5 Portable and mobile X-ray units5.5.json 5.5.1 Capacitor discharge and C-arm5.5.1.json 5.6 Conventional tomography5.6.json 5.7 Introduction to modern modalities: CT, MRI, mammography5.7.json 6.1 Atomic structure6.1.json 6.1.1 The Nucleus6.1.1.json 6.1.2 Electron orbits and energy levels6.1.2.json 6.2 Production of x-ray, properties of x-rays6.2.json 6.2.1 General radiation (Bremsstrahlung)6.2.1.json 6.2.2 Characteristic Radiation6.2.2.json 6.2.3 Intensity of x-ray beams6.2.3.json 6.2.4 Target material6.2.4.json 6.2.5 Voltage (kVp) applied6.2.5.json 6.3 Basic interactions between x-rays and matter6.3.json 6.3.1 Coherent scattering6.3.1.json 6.3.2 Photoelectric effect6.3.2.json 6.3.3 Compton scattering6.3.3.json 6.3.4 Pair production6.3.4.json 6.3.5 Photodisintegration6.3.5.json 6.4 Radiation measurement and units6.4.json 6.4.1 Construction and working of the free air ionization chamber6.4.1.json 6.4.2 Thimble ionization chamber and condenser ionization chamber6.4.2.json 6.5 Radiation protection6.5.json 6.5.1 Historical introduction or why protection is necessary against radiation6.5.1.json 6.5.2 Maximum permissible dose6.5.2.json 6.5.3 Recommended maximum permissible doses for different parts of the body6.5.3.json 6.5.4 Following the code of practice6.5.4.json 6.5.5 Identifying the protective materials6.5.5.json 6.6 Personnel monitoring6.6.json 6.6.1 Necessity of personnel monitoring and monitoring instruments6.6.1.json 6.7 Safety requirements for operating a X-ray unit6.7.json 7.1 Nepal Health Sector Programme7.1.json 7.2 Nepal Health Service Act, 2053 and Regulation, 20557.2.json 7.3 Nepal Health Professional Council7.3.json